Fall — 2010 Volume LVI No. 4 ZIONISM: THE 36th ZIONIST CONGRESS 2 The 36th Zionist Congress, June 15-17, Jerusalem A Listing of Speakers and Selected Speech Highlights • Rami Kornblum 4 Text of the Speech Opening the 36th Zionist Congress of the World Zionist Organization (June 15-17, 2010) in Jerusalem • Kalman Sultanik ZIONISM: MEMOIR 5 Herzl at 150: Mulling It Over • Haim Chertok ISRAEL: CURRENT ISSUES 7 The Deterioration of Israeli-Turkish Relations Before and After the Flotilla Incident • Robert O. Freedman ISRAEL: YISHUV (PRE-STATE) HISTORY 11 The Story of NILI: Jewish Spies for the British in Palestine—World War I • Yonatan Silverman 15 The Blockade — How the British Prevented Rescue Before and During World War II • David Krakow JUDAISM 18 Judaism and Democracy • Raphi Jospe REVIEW ESSAY: ANTISEMITISM 21 Robert Wistrich on the Long History of Antisemitism and It’s Dangerous Growth in the Modern World (a review of a book by Robert Wistrich) • Jack Fischel REVIEW ESSAY: YIDDISH 23 The Extraordinary Complexity of the History of Yiddish (a review of a book by Max Weinreich) • George Jochnowitz REVIEW ESSAY: JEWISH-CHRISTIAN RELATIONS 26 Reactions to the Change in Dialogue Between Jews and Christians (a review of a book by A. L. Berger & D. Patterson) • Gilbert Rosenthal REVIEW ESSAY: JEWISH AMERICAN LITERARY CRITICS 28 The Dark and Bloody Crossroads (a review of a book by Edward Alexander) • Marek Breiger AMERICAN-JEWISH LIFE: MEMOIR 32 A Sukkah is Burning: A Brooklyn Community in Tense Transition • Philip Fishman MUSIC 36 “Lenny”—The Quintessential Jewish Classical Composer • Cecil Bloom POETRY 14 Criminal Court • I. Century 17 Away With All That • Marge Piercy 25 To A Yiddish Poet • Leo Haber 31 Ashes & Bones • Zvi A. Sesling 35 Auschwitz Akeda • Charles Adès Fishman 45 Short Poem • Yehuda Khaver FICTION 41 The Shomer • Shai Afsai 46 Midstream Index 2010 — Volume LVI 40 Honor Roll of Contributors to Midstream